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Background  Diarrhoea, affecting children in developing countries, is mainly caused by diarrheagenic  Escherichia coli  (DEC). This study principally aimed to determine the prevalence of DEC pathotypes and Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes isolated from children under 5 years old with diarrhea.    Methods  A total of 320 diarrhoea stool samples were investigated.  E. coli  isolates were investigated for genes specific for enterotoxigenic  E. coli  (ETEC), enteropathogenic  E. coli  (EPEC), enteroaggregative  E. coli  (EAEC), enteroinvasive  E. coli  (EIEC) and enterohemorrhagic  E. coli  (EHEC) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Furthermore, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, detection of antibiotic resistance-genes and phylogenetic typing were performed.    Results  Over all, DEC were isolated from 66/320 (20.6%) of the children with diarrhoea. EAEC was the predominant (47%), followed by typical EPEC (28.8%) and atypical EPEC (16.6%). Co-infection by EPEC and EAEC was detected in (7.6%) of isolates. However, ETEC, EIEC and EHEC were not detected. Phylogroup A (47%) and B2 (43.9%) were the predominant types. Multidrug-resistance (MDR) was found in 55% of DEC isolates. Extended-spectrum  β -lactamase (ESBL) genes were detected in 24 isolates (24  blaTEM  and 15  blaCTX-M -15). Only one isolate harbored AmpC  β- lactamase gene (DHA gene).    Conclusion  The study concluded that, EAEC and EPEC are important causative agents of diarrhoea in children under 5 years. MDR among DEC has the potential to be a big concern.

bmc infectious diseases

Prevalence, phylogeny, and antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli pathotypes isolated from children less than 5 years old with community acquired- diarrhea in Upper Egypt