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Background  Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted pathogen and the cause of several cancers and of anogenital warts. With this study, we estimated the trend of hospitalizations for anogenital warts (AGWs) in the Veneto region (Italy) from 2007 to 2018.    Methods  The analysis included all the hospital discharge records of public and accredited private hospitals occurred in Veneto residents in the timespan 2007–2018. The ICD9-CM code 078.11 considered were those associated with condyloma acuminatum and those associated with surgical interventions for vulval/vaginal warts, penile warts anal warts. Annual total and sex- and age-specific hospitalization rates and trends were calculated and correlated with the different HPV vaccine coverage over the study period.    Results  We observed an overall reduction of hospitalization rates for AGWs: from 15.0 hospitalizations every 100,000 Veneto residents in years 2007–08 to 10.9 hospitalizations every 100,000 Veneto residents in year 2017–18 (− 37.4%;  p  < 0.05). Reduction has been caused by a drop in hospitalizations in females - from a rate of 20.4/100,000 in 2007–2008 to a rate of 10.8/100,000 in 2017–18 (AAPC: -7.1; 95%CI: − 10.6;-3.4); while in males, we observed a slight - but not statistically significant - increase in hospitalization rates.    Conclusion  The marked decline in hospitalization rates for AGWs in Veneto Region is probably attributable to the high coverage rates of HPV vaccination programs implemented since 2008.

Time-trend of hospitalizations for anogenital warts in Veneto region in the HPV vaccination era: a cross sectional study (2007–2018)