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Background  Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan and has quickly spread across the world. The mortality rate in critically ill patients with COVID-19 is high. This study analyzed clinical and biochemical parameters between mild and severe patients, helping to identify severe or critical patients early.    Methods  In this single center, cross-sectional study, 143 patients were included and divided to mild/moderate and sever/critical groups. Correlation between the disease criticality and clinical features and peripheral blood biochemical markers was analyzed. Cut-off values for critically ill patients were speculated through the ROC curve.    Results  Significantly, disease severity was associated with age ( r  = 0.458,  P  < 0.001), comorbidities ( r  = 0.445,  P  < 0.001), white cell count ( r  = 0.229,  P  = 0.006), neutrophil count ( r  = 0.238,  P  = 0.004), lymphocyte count ( r  = − 0.295,  P  < 0.001), albumin ( r  = − 0.603,  P  < 0.001), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( r  = − 0.362,  P  < 0.001), serum potassium ( r  = − 0.237,  P  = 0.004), plasma glucose ( r  = 0.383,  P  < 0.001), total bilirubin ( r  = 0.340,  P  < 0.001), serum amyloid A ( r  = 0.58,  P  < 0.001), procalcitonin ( r  = 0.345,  P  < 0.001), C-reactive protein ( r  = 0.477,  P  < 0.001), lactate dehydrogenase ( r  = 0.548,  P  < 0.001), aspartate aminotransferase ( r  = 0.342,  P  < 0.001), alanine aminotransferase ( r  = 0.264,  P  = 0.001), erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( r  = 0.284,  P  = 0.001) and D-dimer ( r  = 0.477,  P  < 0.001) .    Conclusions  With the following parameters such as age > 52 years, C-reactive protein > 64.79 mg/L, lactate dehydrogenase > 245 U/L, D-dimer > 0.96 μg/mL, serum amyloid A > 100.02 mg/L, or albumin < 36 g/L, the progress of COVID-19 to critical stage should be closely observed and possibly prevented. Lymphocyte count, serum potassium, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and procalcitonin may also be a prognostic indicator.

bmc infectious diseases

Correlation analysis between disease severity and clinical and biochemical characteristics of 143 cases of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study