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Background  Mounting evidence suggested a complex correlation between host lipid metabolism and  Toxoplasma gondii  ( T. gondii ) infection. However, the inherent association between  T. gondii  infection and host lipid state remains elusive either in mice or in human hosts.    Methods  Through a study in a sample of 1045 healthy participants from eastern China, we determined the association of  T. gondii  infection and host lipid levels using serological methods. We then examined the host lipid levels in C57BL/6 J mice at both acute and chronic  T. gondii  infection stages (for a period up to 36 weeks post infection).    Results  In our case-control study,  T. gondii  seropositive individuals had higher low-density lipoproteins (LDL) ( P  = 0.0043) and total cholesterol (TC) ( P  = 0.0134) levels compared to seronegative individuals. Furthermore, individuals with LDL (OR = 3.25; 95% CI:1.60–6.61) and TC (OR = 2.10; 95% CI:1.22–3.63) levels above the upper limit of normal range had higher odds ratio to be  T. gondii  IgG positive. Consistently, in vivo data revealed that a significantly increased LDL level was first observed at early acute stage but plateaued to later time (chronic infection with  T. gondii ).    Conclusions  In both healthy population and  T. gondii -infected mice, seropositive individuals had higher LDL level. Individuals with positive  T. gondii  IgG had more odds of being with LDL and TC abnormality. Latent  T. gondii  infection is common worldwide, potential medical interventions to host lipid metabolism may be a breakthrough point to the prevention and control of this parasite infection.

The influence of exposure to Toxoplasma Gondii on host lipid metabolism