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Background  Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by  Echinococcus multilocularis  larval tapeworm infections in humans that severely impairs the health of affected patients in the northern hemisphere.    Methods  The expression levels of 20 cytokines associated with AE infection were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the correlations between these cytokines were analysed in the R programming language.    Results  Serum cytokine levels differed among individuals in both the AE patient and healthy control groups. The results of the correlations among the cytokines showed obvious differences between the two groups. In the AE patients group, Th1 and Th2 cytokines formed a more complicated network than that in the healthy control group.    Conclusions  The altered correlations between Th1 and Th2 cytokines may be closely associated with AE infection, which may provide a new explanation for the essential differences between AE patients and healthy individuals.

The correlations between Th1 and Th2 cytokines in human alveolar echinococcosis