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Background  Recent studies have shown that CD103 is an important marker for tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) which plays an important role in anti-infection. However, the role of CD103 +  TRM was not elucidated in the progress of  S. japonicum  infection induced disease.    Methods  6–8 weeks old C57BL/6 mice were infected by  S. japonicum . Mice were sacrificed and the lungs were removed 5–6 weeks after infection. Immunofluorescent staining and Q-PCR were performed to identify the expression of CD103 molecule. Single cellular populations were made, percentages of CD103 on both CD4 +  and CD8 +  T lymphocytes were dynamical observed by flow cytometry (FCM). Moreover, the expression of memory T cells related molecules CD69 and CD62L, T cell function associated molecules CD107a, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-9, and IL-10 were compared between CD103 +  CD4 +  and CD8 +  T cells by FCM.    Results  CD103 +  cells were emerged in the lung of both naive and  S. japonicum  infected mice. Both the percentage and the absolute numbers of pulmonary CD4 +  and CD8 +  cells were increased after  S. japonicum  infection ( P  < 0.05). The percentage of CD103 +  cells in CD8 +  T cells decreased significantly at the early stage of  S. japonicum  infection ( P  < 0.05). Increased CD69, decreased CD62L and CD107a expressions were detected on both CD4 +  and CD8 +  CD103 +  T cells in the lungs of infected mice ( P  < 0.05). Compared to CD8 +  CD103 +  T cells, CD4 +  CD103 +  T cells from infected mice expressed higher level of CD69 and lower level CD62L molecules ( P  < 0.05). Moreover, higher percentage of IL-4 + , IL-9 +  and IL-10 +  cells on CD4 +  CD103 +  pulmonary T cells was found in infected mice ( P  < 0.05). Significantly increased IL-4 and IL-9, and decreased IFN-γ expressing cells were detected in CD8 + CD103 +  cells of infected mice ( P  < 0.05).    Conclusions  CD103-expressing pulmonary CD4 +  and CD8 +  T cells play important roles in mediating  S. japonicum  infection induced granulomatous inflammation in the lung.

Changes of CD103-expressing pulmonary CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in S. japonicum infected C57BL/6 mice