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Background   Helicobacter pylori  infection is associated with several extragastric conditions including dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to investigate additional metabolic parameters associated with  H. pylori  infection in a Chinese population.    Methods  Using a case-control approach we studied 617 subjects with  13 C-urea breath test ( 13 C-UBT) values ≥10‰ who were defined as being positive for  H. pylori  (cases), while 617 sex and age- matched subjects with  13 C-UBT values ≤1‰ were defined as  H. pylori  negative (controls) in Beijing Tongren Hospital from March 2016 to May 2017. Biochemical parameters including serum bilirubin and lipids were tested.    Results  A total of 1982 subjects participated in this study. The  H. pylori  infected subjects had significantly lower serum direct bilirubin concentrations (2.34 ± 0.38 vs. 2.47 ± 0.90 μmol/L,  P  = 0.008).  H. pylori  infection was independently associated with lower direct bilirubin levels (OR = 1.497, 95% CI =1.121–1.999,  P  = 0.006) or total bilirubin levels (OR = 1.322, 95% CI =1.005–1.738,  P  = 0.046) after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides(TG). In addition, the  H. pylori  infected subjects had higher LDL-C levels (2.98 ± 0.76 vs. 2.89 ± 0.75 mmol/L,  P  = 0.033) and lower HDL-C levels (1.39 ± 0.37 vs. 1.44 ± 0.41 mmol/L,  P  = 0.044). LDL-C was negatively correlated with direct bilirubin concentration (R = − 0.260,  P  < 0.0001).    Conclusions  Bilirubin has been found to be a potent endogenous antioxidant and negatively associated with metabolic syndrome. Our results suggest that  H. pylori  infection is an independent risk factor for serum bilirubin reduction and less favorable lipid profiles.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-019-3787-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

bmc infectious diseases

Helicobacter pylori infection as a risk factor for serum bilirubin change and less favourable lipid profiles: a hospital-based health examination survey