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Background  Infants born to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive mothers are at a higher risk for Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Host genetic background plays an important role in determining the strength of immune response to vaccination. We conducted this study to investigate the association between Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and Mitogen-activated protein kinase eight (MAPK8) polymorphisms and low response to hepatitis B vaccines.    Methods  A total of 753 infants of HBsAg positive and hepatitis Be antigen (HBeAg) negative mothers from the prevention of mother-to-infant transmission of HBV cohort were included. Five tag single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) (rs1799964, rs1800629, rs3093671, rs769177 and rs769178) in  TNF  and two tag SNPs (rs17780725 and rs3827680) in  MAPK8  were genotyped using the MassARRAY platform.    Results  A higher percentage of breastfeeding ( P  = 0.013) and a higher level of Ab titers were observed in high responders ( P  < 0.001). The  MAPK8  rs17780725 AA genotype increased the risk of low response to hepatitis B vaccines (OR = 3.176, 95% CI: 1.137–8.869). Additionally, subjects with the AA genotype may have a lower Ab titer than subjects with GA or GG genotypes ( P  = 0.051). Compared to infants who were breastfed, infants who were not breastfed had an increased risk of low response to hepatitis B vaccine (OR = 2.901, 95% CI:1.306–6.441).    Conclusions   MAPK8  polymorphisms are associated with immune response to HBV vaccinations in infants of HBsAg(+)/HBeAg(−) mothers.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-018-3166-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

bmc infectious diseases

Mitogen-activated protein kinase eight polymorphisms are associated with immune responsiveness to HBV vaccinations in infants of HBsAg(+)/HBeAg(−) mothers