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Background  Medical laboratory staff are a high-risk population for colonization of  Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)  due to direct and dense contact with the pathogens; however, there is limited information about this colonization. This study sought to determine the prevalence and molecular characteristics of nasal colonization by  S. aureus  in medical laboratory staff in Guangzhou, southern China, and to compare the differences between microbiological laboratory (MLS) and non-microbiological laboratory (NMLS) staff.    Methods   S. aureus  colonization was assessed by nasal swab cultures from 434 subjects, including 130 MLSs and 304 NMLSs from 33 hospitals in Guangzhou. All  S. aureus  isolates underwent the antimicrobial susceptibility test, virulence gene detection and molecular typing.    Results  The overall prevalence of  S. aureus  carriage was 20.1% (87/434), which was higher in MLSs than in NMLSs (26.2% vs. 17.4%,  P  < 0.05), while the prevalence of Methicillin-resistant  S. aureus  (MRSA) was similar. Living with hospital staff was associated with  S. aureus  carriage. The majority of the isolates harboured various virulence genes, and those in MLSs appeared less resistant to antibiotics and more virulent than their counterparts. A total of 37 different  spa  types were detected; among these, t338, t437, t189 and t701 were the most frequently encountered types. T338 was the main  spa  type contributing to nasal colonization Methicillin-sensitive  S. aureus  (MSSA) (13.0%), and t437-SCC mec  IV was predominant in MRSA isolates (40%).    Conclusions  These findings provide insight into the risk factors, molecular epidemiology and virulence gene profiles of  S. aureus  nasal carriage among the medical laboratory staff in Guangzhou.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-018-3024-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

bmc infectious diseases

Molecular epidemiology and virulence characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization in medical laboratory staff: comparison between microbiological and non-microbiological laboratories