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Background  Clinical manifestations of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by  Leishmania (Viannia)  range from asymptomatic infection to self-limited, or chronic (non-healing) cutaneous lesions. Given the critical role of the immune response in the clinical outcome of CL, it is plausible that functional polymorphisms in immune-related genes contribute to define the clinical manifestations of human infection.    Methods  DNA samples from a retrospective cohort of individuals from an endemic area of  L. V. panamensis  transmission in Colombia were used to determine the frequency of SNPs in  TNFα ,  IL-10  and  TLR4  genes. DNA samples were obtained from 74 adult participants: 38 patients presenting chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis (CCL) and 36 individuals with asymptomatic infection. Genotyping of TNFα-308G/A, IL-10-819C/T, and TLR4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile SNPs, was conducted by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Allele, genotype frequencies and associations between SNPs and clinical groups were evaluated.    Results  The A allele in TNFα-308G/A SNP was found more frequently in individuals with asymptomatic infection (16% vs 7%), whereas the CC genotype in IL-10-819 C/T SNP was more frequent in patients with CCL (34% vs. 27% in asymptomatic individuals). No differences in allele frequencies for TLR4 SNPs were found among groups.    Conclusion  This study provides a reference base for statistical power calculation and design of association studies of genetic polymorphisms in immune response related-genes and the pathogenesis of infections caused by  L. V. panamensis.

bmc infectious diseases

Screening of TNFα, IL-10 and TLR4 single nucleotide polymorphisms in individuals with asymptomatic and chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Colombia: a pilot study