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Background  The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of faecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing  Enterobacteriaceae  among residents living in nursing homes and to compare it with a corresponding group of elderly people living in their own homes.    Methods  A total of 160 persons participated in the study between February and April 2014, 91 were residents in nursing homes ( n  = 10) and the remaining 69 were elderly living in their own homes. In addition to performing faecal samples, all participants answered a standardized questionnaire regarding known risk factors for ESBL-carriage.    Results  There was no significant difference between the groups, as 10 of the 91 (11 %) residents from nursing homes were ESBL-carriers compared with 6 of 69 (8,7 %) elderly living in their own homes. There was no significant difference between the groups. The total prevalence was 10 %. A univariate analysis revealed that the only studied risk factor significantly associated with ESBL-carriage was recent foreign travel ( p  = 0,017). All ESBL-positive isolates were  Escherichia coli  and there was a high degree of co-resistance to other antibiotics. All isolates ( n  = 17) were susceptible to imipenem and amikacin.    Conclusion  Residents of nursing homes as well as elderly living in their own homes have high rates of faecal carriage of ESBL-producing bacteria. These findings may affect the choice of empirical antibiotic treatment of severe infections in older adults.

The prevalence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in a nursing home setting compared with elderly living at home: a cross-sectional comparison