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Background  The use of recombinant viral vectors expressing  T. gondii  antigens is a safe and efficient approach to induce immune responses against the parasite, as well as a valuable tool for vaccine development. We have previously prolonged the survival time of mice challenged with the RH strain of  T. gondii  by immunizing the mice with a eukaryotic vector expressing the protein ROP18 of  T. gondii . We are now looking for ways to improve this vaccination strategy and enhance protection.    Methods  In this study, we constructed and characterized a novel recombinant canine adenovirus type 2 expressing ROP18 (CAV-2-ROP18) of  T. gondii  by cytopathic effect (CPE) and indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) following transfection into MDCK cells. Intramuscular immunization of Kunming mice with CAV-2-ROP18 was carried out to evaluate humoral and cellular immune responses.    Results  The vaccination of experimental mice with CAV-2-ROP18 elicited antibody production against ROP18, including high levels of a mixed IgG1/IgG2a and significant production of IFN-γ or IL-2, and displayed a significant bias towards a helper T cell type 1 (Th1) profile. Furthermore, the presence of  T. gondii -specific IFN-γ-production and TNF-α-production T cells was elicited in both CD 4+  and CD 8+  T cell compartments. Significantly higher survival rates (40%) occurred in the experimental group, and a reduction in brain cyst burden was detected in vaccinated mice.    Conclusion  These results demonstrate the potential use of a CAV vector harboring the ROP18 gene in the development of a vaccine against acute and chronic toxoplasmosis.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12879-015-0815-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

bmc infectious diseases

Protective efficacy of recombinant canine adenovirus type-2 expressing TgROP18 (CAV-2-ROP18) against acute and chronic Toxoplasma gondii infection in mice