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Background  Older adults dialysis patients represent the frailest subgroup of the End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) population and physical exercise program may mitigate the age-related decline in muscle mass and function.    Methods  Dialysis patients of the EXCITE trial aged > 65 years ( n  = 115, active arm,  n  = 53; control arm,  n  = 62) were submitted in random order to a home based, low intensity physical exercise program. At baseline and 6 months after exercise training 6-min walking distance (6MWD) and 5-time sit-to-stand test (5STS) were performed, and quality of life (QoL) was tested.    Results  The training program improved both the 6MWD (6-months: 327 ± 86 m versus baseline: 294 ± 74 m;  P  < 0.001) and the 5STS time (6-months: 19.8 ± 5.6 s versus baseline: 22.5 ± 5.1 s; P < 0.001) in the exercise group whereas they did not change in the control group ( P  = 0.98 and 0.25, respectively). The between-arms differences (6 months-baseline) in the 6MWD (+ 34.0 m, 95% CI: 14.4 to 53.5 m) and in the 5STS time changes (− 1.9 s, 95% CI: -3.6 to − 0.3 s) were both statistically significant ( P  = 0.001 and  P  = 0.024, respectively). The cognitive function dimension of QoL significantly reduced in the control arm ( P  = 0.04) while it remained unchanged in the active arm ( P  = 0.78) (between groups difference  P  = 0.05). No patient died during the trial and the training program was well tolerated.    Conclusions  This secondary analysis of the EXCITE trial shows that a home-based, exercise program improves physical performance and is well tolerated in elderly ESRD patients.    Trial registration  The trial was registered in  ClinicalTrials.Gov  ( Clinicaltrials.gov  identifier: NCT01255969) on December 8, 2010.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s12877-018-0938-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Effect of a home based, low intensity, physical exercise program in older adults dialysis patients: a secondary analysis of the EXCITE trial