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Background Photobiomodulation with low-intensity laser (LIL) and chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) can repair damaged muscle tissue, so the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of co-administration of these two factors on anal sphincter repair in rabbits. Methods Male rabbits were studied in 5 groups (n = 7): Control (intact), sphincterotomy, laser, ChABC and laser + ChABC. 90 days after intervention were evaluated resting and maximum squeeze pressures, number of motor units, collagen amount, markers of muscle regeneration and angiogenesis. Results Resting pressure in the Laser + ChABC group was higher than the sphincterotomy, laser and ChABC groups ( p  &lt; 0.0001). Maximum squeeze pressure in the all study groups was higher than sphincterotomy group ( p  &lt; 0.0001). In the laser + ChABC and ChABC groups, motor unit numbers were more than the sphincterotomy group ( p  &lt; 0.0001). Collagen content was significantly decreased in the laser ( p  &lt; 0.0001) and laser + ChABC groups. ACTA1 ( p  = 0.001) and MHC ( p  &lt; 0.0001) gene expression in the Laser + ChABC group were more than the laser or ChABC alone. VEGFA ( p  = 0.009) and Ki67 mRNA expression ( p  = 0.01) in the Laser + ChABC group were more than the laser group, But vimentin mRNA expression ( p  &lt; 0.0001) was less than the laser group. Conclusion Co-administration of ChABCs and photobiomodulation with LIL appears to improve the tissue structure and function of the anal sphincter in rabbits more than when used alone.

Combined application of chondroitinase ABC and photobiomodulation with low-intensity laser on the anal sphincter repair in rabbit