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Background  The effect of diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) on long-term outcomes in patients receiving percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is unclear.    Methods  A total of 1394 patients who underwent PCI were prospectively enrolled and divided into 4 groups according to the presence or absence of DM or CKD. Baseline characteristics, risk factors, medications, and angiographic findings were compared. Determinants of long-term outcomes in patients undergoing PCI were analyzed.    Results  Patients with DM and CKD had the highest all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality (both  P  < 0.01) but there were no differences existed in myocardial infarction (MI) or repeated PCI among the 4 groups ( P  = 0.19,  P  = 0.87, respectively). Patients with DM and CKD had the lowest even-free rate of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, MI, and repeated PCI ( P  < 0.001,  P  < 0.001,  P  < 0.001, and  P  = 0.002, respectively). In the Cox proportional hazard model, patients with both DM and CKD had the highest risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 3.25, 95% CI: 1.85–5.59), cardiovascular mortality (HR: 3.58, 95% CI: 1.97–6.49), MI (HR: 2.43, 95% CI: 1.23–4.08), and repeated PCI (HR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.33–2.41). Patients with CKD alone had the second highest risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.15–3.63), cardiovascular mortality (HR: 2.13, 95% CI: 1.13–4.01), and repeated PCI (HR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.09–1.97).    Conclusions  DM and CKD had additive effect on adverse long-term outcomes in patients receiving PCI; CKD was a more significant adverse predictor than DM.

Chronic kidney disease and diabetes associated with long-term outcomes in patients receiving percutaneous coronary intervention