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Background  Despite the important roles of vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells in atherosclerotic lesion formation, data regarding the associations of functional polymorphisms in the genes encoding growth factors with the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) are lacking. The aim of the present study is to analyze the relationships between functional polymorphisms in genes encoding basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF, FGF2), epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), platelet derived growth factor-B (PDGFB), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and the severity of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with stable CAD undergoing their first coronary angiography.    Methods  In total, 319 patients with stable CAD who underwent their first coronary angiography at the Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases in Zabrze, Poland were included in the analysis. CAD burden was assessed using the Gensini score. The TaqMan method was used for genotyping of selected functional polymorphisms in the  FGF2 ,  PDGFB ,  TGFB1 ,  IGF1  and  VEGFA  genes, while rs4444903 in the  EGF  gene was genotyped using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The associations between the selected polymorphisms and the Gensini were calculated both for the whole cohort and for a subgroup of patients without previous myocardial infarction (MI).    Results  There were no differences in the distribution of the Gensini score between the genotypes of the analyzed polymorphisms in  FGF2 ,  EGF ,  IGF1 ,  PDFGB , and  TGFB1  in the whole cohort and in the subgroup of patients without previous MI. The Gensini score for  VEGFA  rs699947 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in patients without previous myocardial infarction, after correction for multiple testing, was highest in patients with the A/A genotype, lower in heterozygotes and lowest in patients with the C/C genotype, ( p  value for trend = 0.013, false discovery rate (FDR) = 0.02). After adjustment for clinical variables, and correction for multiple comparisons the association between the  VEGFA  genotype and Gensini score remained only nominally significant ( p  = 0.04, FDR = 0.19) under the dominant genetic model in patients without previous MI.    Conclusions  We were unable to find strong association between analyzed polymorphisms in growth factors and the severity of coronary artery disease, although there was a trend toward association between rs699947 and the severity of CAD in patients without previous MI.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12872-016-0402-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

bmc cardiovascular disorders

The association of functional polymorphisms in genes encoding growth factors for endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells with the severity of coronary artery disease