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Background  To investigate the optimal dose of dexmedetomidine to maintain hemodynamic stability, prevent of cough and minimize postoperative pain for patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.    Methods  One hundred twenty patients were randomly divided into D 1 , D 2 , D 3  and NS groups, and dexmedetomidine 0.4, 0.6, 0.8μg/kg and normal saline were administrated respectively. Patients’ heart rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were measured at T 1 -T 7 . The incidence of cough was recorded. Other parameters were noted, the time of spontaneous respiratory recovery and extubation, visual analogue scale scores and dosage of tramadol.    Results  The heart rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure of D 2  and D 3  groups has smaller fluctuations at T2–3 and T7 compared with NS and D 1  groups ( P  < 0.05). The incidence of cough was lower in D 2  and D 3  groups than NS group ( P < 0.05 ). The visual analogue scale scores and tramadol dosage of D 2  and D 3  groups were lower than NS group ( P < 0.05 ). The time of spontaneous respiratory recovery and extubation in D 3  group was longer than that in D 1  and D 2  groups ( P < 0.05 ).    Conclusions  Intravenous infusion of 0.6μg/kg dexmedetomidine before induction can maintain hemodynamic stability, decrease cough during emergence, relieve postoperative pain of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.    Trial registration   ChiCTR1900024801 , registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, principal investigator: Qin Ye, date of registration: July 28, 2019.

bmc anesthesiology

Effects of dexmedetomidine on intraoperative hemodynamics, recovery profile and postoperative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized controlled trial