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Background  Preoperative oral carbohydrates has been suggested to attenuate insulin resistance and decrease postoperative complications. In this study, a vitamin-rich carbohydrate beverage was administered before surgery in an animal model to investigate its effects on the surgical stress response and S-100β levels.    Methods  Thirty aged male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to three groups: control group ( n  = 6), fasting group ( n  = 12), and carbohydrate-treated group (CHO group,  n  = 12). Rats in the control group were not given any treatment. Rats in the fasting group received splenectomy after 12 h of fasting. In the CHO group, rats were given 5 ml of vitamin-rich carbohydrate by gavage 2 h before surgery. Fasting plasma glucose, insulin, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR index, IRI), the S-100β protein level, and the inflammatory mediators IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were assessed after surgery (postoperative day (POD) 1 and 3).    Results  Postoperative insulin resistance was significantly greater in the fasting group than in the control and CHO group. The median plasma S-100β level was significantly higher in the fasting group than in the control and CHO groups on POD 1. The median plasma IL-1β level was significantly lower in the CHO group than in the fasting group on POD 1; however, no other differences in the concentrations of immunological biomarkers of stress were found between the fasting group and the CHO group.    Conclusions  Vitamin-rich carbohydrate pretreatment attenuated the metabolic aspect of the surgical stress response and decreased the level of plasma S-100β, which may decrease the risk of postoperative complications in elderly rats.

The effects of vitamin-rich carbohydrate pretreatment on the surgical stress response and S-100β after splenectomy in elderly rats