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Background  The determinate growth habits is beneficial for plant architecture modification and the development of crops cultivars suited to mechanized production systems. Which play an important role in the genetic improvement of crops. In  Brassica napus , a determinate inflorescence strain (4769) has been discovered among doubled haploid (DH) lines obtained from a spring  B. napus  × winter  B. napus  cross, but there are few reports on it. We fine mapped a determinate inflorescence locus, and evaluated the effect of the determinate growth habit on agronomic traits.    Results  In this study, we assessed the effect of the determinate growth habit on agronomic traits. The results showed that determinacy is beneficial for reducing plant height and flowering time, advancing maturity, enhancing lodging resistance, increasing plant branches and maintaining productivity. Genetic analysis in the determinate (4769) and indeterminate (2982) genotypes revealed that two independently inherited recessive genes ( Bnsdt1, Bnsdt2 ) are responsible for this determinate growth trait.  Bnsdt2  was subsequently mapped in BC 2  and BC 3  populations derived from the combination 2982 × 4769.  Bnsdt2  could be delimited to an approximately 122.9 kb region between 68,586.2 kb and 68,709.1 kb on C09. BLAST analysis of these candidate intervals showed that  chrC09g006434  ( BnaC09.TFL1 ) is homologous to  TFL1  of  A. thaliana . Sequence analysis of two alleles identified two non-synonymous SNPs (T136C, G141C) in the first exon of  BnaC09.TFL1 , resulting in two amino acid substitutions (Phe46Leu, Leu47Phe). Subsequently, qRT-PCR revealed that  BnaC09.TFL1  expression in shoot apexes was significantly higher in NIL-4769 than in 4769, suggesting its essential role in sustaining the indeterminate growth habit.    Conclusions  In this study, the novel locus  Bnsdt2 , a recessive genes for determinate inflorescence in  B. napus , was fine-mapped to a 68,586.2 kb - 68,709.1 kb interval on C09. The annotated genes  chrC09g006434  ( BnaC09.TFL1 ) that may be responsible for inflorescence traits were found.    Supplementary Information  The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12870-021-03348-0.

A novel locus (Bnsdt2) in a TFL1 homologue sustaining determinate growth in Brassica napus