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Background  Plant annexins are calcium- and lipid-binding proteins that have multiple functions, and a significant amount of research on plant annexins has been reported in recent years. However, the functions of annexins in diverse biological processes in rice are largely unclear.    Results  Herein, we report that OsANN4, a calcium-binding rice annexin protein, was induced by abscisic acid (ABA). Under ABA treatment, the plants in which OsANN4 was knocked down by RNA interference showed some visible phenotypic changes compared to the wild type, such as a lower rooting rate and shorter shoot and root lengths. Moreover, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities of the RNAi lines were significantly lower and further resulted in higher accumulation of O 2  .-  and H 2 O 2  than those of the wild-type. A Non-invasive Micro-test Technology (NMT) assay showed that ABA-induced net Ca 2+  influx was inhibited in  OsANN4  knockdown plants. Interestingly, the phenotypic differences caused by ABA were eliminated in the presence of LaCl 3  (Ca 2+  channel inhibitor). Apart from this, we demonstrated that OsCDPK24 interacted with and phosphorylated OsANN4. When the phosphorylated serine residue of OsANN4 was substituted by alanine, the interaction between OsANN4 and OsCDPK24 was still observed, however, both the conformation of OsANN4 and its binding activity with Ca 2+  might be changed.    Conclusions    OsANN4  plays a crucial role in the ABA response, partially by modulating ROS production, mediating Ca 2+  influx or interacting with OsCDPK24.    Supplementary Information  The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12870-021-03248-3.

OsANN4 modulates ROS production and mediates Ca2+ influx in response to ABA