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Background   Chrysanthemum morifolium  is one of the most popular ornamental crops. The capitulum, which is the main ornamental part of chrysanthemum plants, consists of ligulate marginal ray florets, an attractive corolla (petals), and radially hermaphroditic disc florets, but no stamens. In Asteraceae species, the zygomorphic ray florets evolved from the actinomorphic disc florets. During this process, the zygomorphic ligulate corolla arose and the stamens were aborted. Although molecular genetic research has clarified ray floret development to some extent, the precise molecular mechanism underlying ray floret development in chrysanthemum remained unclear.    Results  A  CYC2 -like gene,  Cyc2CL , was cloned from  C. morifolium  ‘Fenditan’. Subsequent analyses revealed that the alternative splicing of  Cyc2CL , which occurred in the flower differentiation stage, resulted in the production of  Cyc2CL-1  and  Cyc2CL-2  in the apical buds. Prior to this stage, only  Cyc2CL-1  was produced in the apical buds. A fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of labeled  Cyc2CL-1  and  Cyc2CL-2  RNA indicated that  Cyc2CL-2  was first expressed in the involucre tissue during the final involucre differentiation stage, but was subsequently expressed in the receptacle and floret primordia as the floral bud differentiation stage progressed. Moreover,  Cyc2CL-2  was highly expressed in the inflorescence tissue during the corolla formation stage, and the expression remained high until the end of the floral bud differentiation stage. Furthermore, the overexpression of  Cyc2CL-1  and  Cyc2CL-2  in transgenic Arabidopsis inhibited stamen and petal development. Therefore, both  Cyc2CL-1  and  Cyc2CL-2  encode candidate regulators of petal development and stamen abortion and are important for the ray floret development in chrysanthemum.    Conclusion  In this study, we characterized the alternatively spliced transcripts of the  CYC2 -like gene that differ subtly regarding expression and function. The data presented herein will be useful for clarifying the regulatory mechanisms associated with the  CYC2 -like gene and may also be important for identifying the key genes and molecular mechanisms controlling the development of ray florets in chrysanthemum.    Supplementary Information  The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12870-021-02884-z.

Two Cyc2CL transcripts (Cyc2CL-1 and Cyc2CL-2) may play key roles in the petal and stamen development of ray florets in chrysanthemum