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Background  The HD-Zip transcription factors are unique to plants and play an essential role in plant growth, development and stress responses. The HD-Zip transcription factor family consists of a highly conserved homeodomain (HD) and a leucine zipper domain (LZ) domain. Although the HD-Zip gene family has been extensively studied in many plant species, a systematic study of the  Eucalyptus  HD-Zip family has not been reported until today. Here, we systematically identified 40 HD-Zip genes in  Eucalyptus  ( Eucalyptus grandis ). Besides, we comprehensively analyzed the HD-Zips of  Eucalyptus  by studying the homology, conserved protein regions, gene structure, 3D structure of the protein, location of the genes on the chromosomes and the expression level of the genes in different tissues.    Results  The HD-Zip family in  Eucalyptus  has four subfamilies, which is consistent with other plants such as  Arabidopsis  and rice. Moreover, genes that are in the same group tend to have similar exon-intron structures, motifs, and protein structures. Under salt stress and temperature stress, the  Eucalyptus  HD-Zip transcription factors show a differential expression pattern.    Conclusions  Our findings reveal the response of HD-Zip transcription factors under salt and temperature stresses, laying a foundation for future analysis of  Eucalyptus  HD-Zip transcription factors.

Genome-wide characterization and expression profiling of Eucalyptus grandis HD-Zip gene family in response to salt and temperature stress