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Background  Nitrogen (N), referred to as a “life element”, is a macronutrient essential for optimal plant growth and yield production.  Amino acid (AA) permease  ( AAP ) genes play pivotal roles in root import, long-distance translocation, remobilization of organic amide-N from source organs to sinks, and other environmental stress responses. However, few systematic analyses of  AAPs  have been reported in  Brassica napus  so far.    Results  In this study, we identified a total of 34 full-length  AAP  genes representing eight subgroups ( AAP1–8 ) from the allotetraploid rapeseed genome (A n A n C n C n , 2 n  = 4 x  = 38). Great differences in the homolog number among the  BnaAAP  subgroups might indicate their significant differential roles in the growth and development of rapeseed plants. The  BnaAAPs  were phylogenetically divided into three evolutionary clades, and the members in the same subgroups had similar physiochemical characteristics, gene/protein structures, and conserved AA transport motifs. Darwin’s evolutionary analysis suggested that  BnaAAPs  were subjected to strong purifying selection pressure.  Cis -element analysis showed potential differential transcriptional regulation of  AAPs  between the model Arabidopsis and  B. napus . Differential expression of  BnaAAPs  under nitrate limitation, ammonium excess, phosphate shortage, boron deficiency, cadmium toxicity, and salt stress conditions indicated their potential involvement in diverse nutrient stress responses.    Conclusions  The genome-wide identification of  BnaAAPs  will provide a comprehensive insight into their family evolution and AAP-mediated AA transport under diverse abiotic stresses. The molecular characterization of core  AAPs  can provide elite gene resources and contribute to the genetic improvement of crop stress resistance through the modulation of AA transport.

bmc plant biology

Genome-wide identification of the amino acid permease genes and molecular characterization of their transcriptional responses to various nutrient stresses in allotetraploid rapeseed