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Background  Ethylene-responsive factors (ERFs) play important roles in plant growth and development and the response to adverse environmental factors, including abiotic and biotic stresses.    Results  In the present study, we identified 160 soybean ERF genes distributed across 20 chromosomes that could be clustered into eight groups based on phylogenetic relationships. A highly ABA-responsive ERF gene,  GmERF75 , belonging to Group VII was further characterized. Subcellular localization analysis showed that the GmERF75 protein is localized in the nucleus, and qRT-PCR results showed that  GmERF75  is responsive to multiple abiotic stresses and exogenous hormones.  GmERF75 -overexpressing  Arabidopsis  lines showed higher chlorophyll content compared to WT and mutants under osmotic stress. Two independent  Arabidopsis  mutations of  AtERF71 , a gene homologous to  GmERF75 , displayed shorter hypocotyls, and overexpression of  GmERF75  in these mutants could rescue the short hypocotyl phenotypes. Overexpressing  GmERF75  in soybean hairy roots improved root growth under exogenous ABA and salt stress.    Conclusions  These results suggested that  GmERF75  is an important plant transcription factor that plays a critical role in enhancing osmotic tolerance in both  Arabidopsis  and soybean.

The ABA-induced soybean ERF transcription factor gene GmERF75 plays a role in enhancing osmotic stress tolerance in Arabidopsis and soybean