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Background  Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), a conserved trimeric ring complex, is loaded onto replication fork through a hetero-pentameric AAA+ ATPase complex termed replication factor C (RFC) to maintain genome stability. Although architectures of PCNA-RFC complex in yeast have been revealed, the functions of PCNA and protein-protein interactions of PCNA-RFC complex in higher plants are not very clear. Here, essential regions mediating interactions between PCNA and RFC subunits in  Arabidopsis  and rice were investigated via yeast-two-hybrid method and bimolecular fluorescence complementation techniques.    Results  We observed that OsPCNA could interact with all OsRFC subunits, while protein-protein interactions only exist between  Arabidopsis  RFC2/3/4/5 and AtPCNA1/2. The truncated analyses indicated that the C-terminal of  Arabidopsis  RFC2/3/4/5 and rice RFC1/2 is essential for binding PCNA while the region of rice RFC3/4/5 mediating interaction with PCNA distributed both at the N- and C-terminal. On the other hand, we found that the C- and N-terminal of  Arabidopsis  and rice PCNA contribute equally to PCNA-PCNA interaction, and the interdomain connecting loop (IDCL) domain and C-terminal of PCNAs are indispensable for interacting RFC subunits.    Conclusions  These results indicated that  Arabidopsis  and rice PCNAs are highly conserved in sequence, structure and pattern of interacting with other PCNA monomer. Nevertheless, there are also significant differences between the  Arabidopsis  and rice RFC subunits in binding PCNA. Taken together, our results could be helpful for revealing the biological functions of plant RFC-PCNA complex.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s12870-019-1874-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Interactional similarities and differences in the protein complex of PCNA and DNA replication factor C between rice and Arabidopsis