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Background  Sugarcane has recently attracted increased attention for its potential as a source of bioethanol and methane. However, a narrow genetic base has limited germplasm enhancement of sugarcane.  Erianthus arundinaceus  is an important wild genetic resource that has many excellent traits for improving cultivated sugarcane via wide hybridization. Species-specific repetitive sequences are useful for identifying genome components and investigating chromosome inheritance in noblization between sugarcane and  E. arundinaceus . Here, suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) targeting  E. arundinaceus -specific repetitive sequences was performed. The five critical components of the SSH reaction system, including enzyme digestion of genomic DNA (gDNA), adapters, digested gDNA concentrations, primer concentrations, and LA  Taq  polymerase concentrations, were improved using a stepwise optimization method to establish a SSH system suitable for obtaining  E. arundinaceus -specific gDNA fragments.    Results  Specificity of up to 85.42% was confirmed for the SSH method as measured by reverse dot blot (RDB) of an  E. arundinaceus  subtractive library. Furthermore, various repetitive sequences were obtained from the  E. arundinaceus  subtractive library via fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), including subtelomeric and centromeric regions. EaCEN2-166F/R and EaSUB1-127F/R primers were then designed as species-specific markers to accurately validate  E. arundinaceus  authenticity.    Conclusions  This is the first report that  E. arundinaceus -specific repetitive sequences were obtained via an improved SSH method .  These results suggested that this novel SSH system could facilitate screening of species-specific repetitive sequences for species identification and provide a basis for development of similar applications for other plant species.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s12870-018-1471-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

bmc plant biology

An improved suppression subtractive hybridization technique to develop species-specific repetitive sequences from Erianthus arundinaceus (Saccharum complex)