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Background  The B-BOX (BBX) proteins have important functions in regulating plant growth and development. In plants, the  BBX  gene family has been identified in several plants, such as rice, Arabidopsis and tomato. However, there still lack a genome-wide survey of  BBX  genes in pear.    Results  In the present study, a total of 25  BBX  genes were identified in pear ( Pyrus bretschneideri  Rehd.). Subsequently, phylogenetic relationship, gene structure, gene duplication, transcriptome data and qRT-PCR were conducted on these  BBX  gene members. The transcript analysis revealed that twelve  PbBBX  genes (48%) were specifically expressed in pear pollen tubes. Furthermore, qRT-PCR analysis indicated that both  PbBBX4  and  PbBBX13  have potential role in pear fruit development, while  PbBBX5  should be involved in the senescence of pear pollen tube.    Conclusions  This study provided a genome-wide survey of  BBX  gene family in pear, and highlighted its roles in both pear fruits and pollen tubes. The results will be useful in improving our understanding of the complexity of  BBX  gene family and functional characteristics of its members in future study.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s12870-017-1105-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

B-BOX genes: genome-wide identification, evolution and their contribution to pollen growth in pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.)