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Background  Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases. MMPs have been characterized in detail in mammals and shown to play key roles in many physiological and pathological processes. Although MMPs in some plant species have been identified, the function of MMPs in biotic stress responses remains elusive.    Results  A total of five  MMP  genes were identified in tomato genome. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that expression of  Sl-MMP  genes was induced with distinct patterns by infection of  Botrytis cinerea  and  Pseudomonas syringae  pv.  tomato (Pst)  DC3000 and by treatment with defense-related hormones such as salicylic acid, jasmonic acid and ethylene precursor 1-amino cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS)-based knockdown of individual  Sl-MMPs  and disease assays indicated that silencing of  Sl3-MMP  resulted in reduced resistance to  B. cinerea  and  Pst  DC3000, whereas silencing of other four  Sl-MMPs  did not affect the disease resistance against these two pathogens. The  Sl3-MMP -silenced tomato plants responded with increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species and alerted expression of defense genes after infection of  B. cinerea . Transient expression of  Sl3-MMP  in leaves of  Nicotiana benthamiana  led to an enhanced resistance to  B. cinerea  and upregulated expression of defense-related genes. Biochemical assays revealed that the recombinant mature Sl3-MMP protein had proteolytic activities  in vitro  with distinct preferences for specificity of cleavage sites. The Sl3-MMP protein was targeted onto the plasma membrane of plant cells when transiently expressed in onion epidermal cells.    Conclusion  VIGS-based knockdown of  Sl3-MMP  expression in tomato and gain-of-function transient expression of  Sl3-MMP  in  N. benthamiana  demonstrate that  Sl3-MMP  functions as a positive regulator of defense response against  B. cinerea  and  Pst  DC3000.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-015-0536-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

bmc plant biology

Tomato Sl3-MMP, a member of the Matrix metalloproteinase family, is required for disease resistance against Botrytis cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000