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Background  Salt stress is a major challenge for growth and development of plants. The mangrove tree  Avicennia officinalis  has evolved salt tolerance mechanisms such as salt secretion through specialized glands on its leaves. Although a number of structural studies on salt glands have been done, the molecular mechanism of salt secretion is not clearly understood. Also, studies to identify salt gland-specific genes in mangroves have been scarce.    Results  By subtractive hybridization (SH) of cDNA from salt gland-rich cell layers (tester) with mesophyll tissues as the driver, several Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) were identified. The major classes of ESTs identified include those known to be involved in regulating metabolic processes (37%), stress response (17%), transcription (17%), signal transduction (17%) and transport functions (12%). A visual interactive map generated based on predicted functional gene interactions of the identified ESTs suggested altered activities of hydrolase, transmembrane transport and kinases. Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) was carried out to validate the expression specificity of the ESTs identified by SH. A  Dehydrin  gene was chosen for further experimental analysis, because it is significantly highly expressed in salt gland cells, and dehydrins are known to be involved in stress remediation in other plants. Full-length  Avicennia officinalis Dehydrin1  ( AoDHN1 ) cDNA was obtained by Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends. Phylogenetic analysis and further characterization of this gene suggested that  AoDHN1  belongs to group II Late Embryogenesis Abundant proteins. qRT-PCR analysis of  Avicennia  showed up-regulation of  AoDHN1  in response to salt and drought treatments. Furthermore, some functional insights were obtained by growing  E. coli  cells expressing  AoDHN1 . Growth of  E. coli  cells expressing AoDHN1 was significantly higher than that of the control cells without AoDHN1 under salinity and drought stresses, suggesting that the mangrove dehydrin protein helps to mitigate the abiotic stresses.    Conclusions  Thirty-four ESTs were identified to be enriched in salt gland-rich tissues of  A. officinalis  leaves. qRT-PCR analysis showed that 10 of these were specifically enriched in the salt gland-rich tissues. Our data suggest that one of the selected genes, namely, AoDHN1 plays an important role to mitigate salt and drought stress responses.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-014-0291-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Identification of salt gland-associated genes and characterization of a dehydrin from the salt secretor mangrove Avicennia officinalis