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Background  In recent years, clinical  Staphylococcus aureus  isolates have become highly resistant to antibiotics, which has raised concerns about the ability to control infections by these organisms. The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of a new small molecule, ZY-214-4 (C 19 H 11 BrNO 4 ), on  S. aureus  pigment production.    Results  At the concentration of 4 μg/mL, ZY-214-4 exerted a significant inhibitory effect on  S. aureus  pigment synthesis, without affecting its growth or inducing a toxic effect on the silkworm. An oxidant sensitivity test and a whole-blood killing test indicated that the  S. aureus  survival rate decreased significantly with ZY-214-4 treatment. Additionally, ZY-214-4 administration significantly reduced the expression of a pigment synthesis-related gene ( crtM ) and the superoxide dismutase genes ( sodA ) as determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis. ZY-214-4 treatment also improved the survival rate of  S. aureus -infected silkworm larvae.    Conclusions  The small molecule ZY-214-4 has potential for the prevention of  S. aureus  infections by reducing the virulence associated with this bacterium.    Supplementary Information  The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-021-02113-5.

The small molecule ZY-214-4 may reduce the virulence of Staphylococcus aureus by inhibiting pigment production