English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Background   Neisseria meningitidis  ( N.meningitidis ) bacteria belonging to clonal complex 4821 (CC4821) have been mainly reported in China and have been characterized by a high resistance rate to ciprofloxacin (CIP). The aim of this study was to assess the evolution of the DNA gyrase A ( gyrA ) gene from  N.meningitidis  CC4821 strains collected in China between 1978 and 2016. The complete sequence of  gyrA  gene from 77 strains are reported in this study and analyzed in the context of publicly available sequences from  N. meningitidis  of other CCs as well as other  Neisseria  species.    Results  The phylogenetic analysis of CC4821  gyrA  gene reveals at least 5 distinct genetic clusters. These clusters are not CC4821-specific showing that  gyrA  evolution is independent of CC4821 evolution. Some clusters contain sequences from other  Neisseria  species. Recombination within  N.meningitidis  strains and between  Neisseria  species was identified in SimPlot analysis. Finally, amino acid substitutions within GyrA protein were analyzed. Only one position, 91 (83 in  E.coli gyrA  gene), was linked to CIP resistance. Thirty-one additional putative resistance markers were identified, as amino acid substitutions were only found in resistant strains.    Conclusions  The evolution of  gyrA  gene of CC4821  N.meningitidis  strains is not dependent on CC4821 evolution or on CIP resistance phenotype. Only amino acid 91 is linked to CIP resistance phenotype. Finally, recombination inter- and intra-species is likely to result in the acquisition of various resistance markers, 31 of them being putatively mapped in the present study. Analyzing the evolution of  gyrA  gene within CC4821 strains is critical to monitor the CIP resistance phenotype and the acquisition of new resistance markers. Such studies are necessary for the control of the meningococcal disease and the development of new drugs targeting DNA gyrase.

Evolutionary analysis of gyrA gene from Neisseria meningitidis bacterial strains of clonal complex 4821 collected in China between 1978 and 2016