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Background   Pseudomonas aeruginosa  Sequence Type 235 is a clone that possesses an extraordinary ability to acquire mobile genetic elements and has been associated with the spread of resistance genes, including genes that encode for carbapenemases. Here, we aim to characterize the genetic platforms involved in resistance dissemination in  bla  KPC-2  - positive  P. aeruginosa  ST235 in Colombia.    Results  In a prospective surveillance study of infections in adult patients attended in five ICUs in five distant cities in Colombia, 58 isolates of  P. aeruginosa  were recovered, of which, 27 (46.6%) were resistant to carbapenems. The molecular analysis showed that 6 (22.2%) and 4 (14.8%) isolates harboured the  bla  VIM  and  bla  KPC-2  genes, respectively. The four  bla  KPC-2 -positive isolates showed a similar PFGE pulsotype and belonged to ST235. Complete genome sequencing of a representative ST235 isolate shows a unique chromosomal contig of 7097.241 bp with eight different resistance genes identified and five transposons: a Tn 6162-like  with  ant(2″)-Ia , two Tn 402-like  with  ant(3″)-Ia  and  bla  OXA-2  and two Tn 4401b  with  bla  KPC-2 . All transposons were inserted into the genomic islands. Interestingly, the two Tn 4401b  copies harbouring  bla  KPC-2  were adjacently inserted into a new genomic island (PAGI-17) with traces of a replicative transposition process. This double insertion was probably driven by several structural changes within the chromosomal region containing PAGI-17 in the ST235 background.    Conclusion  This is the first report of a double Tn 4401b  chromosomal insertion in  P. aeruginosa , just within a new genomic island (PAGI-17). This finding indicates once again the great genomic plasticity of this microorganism .Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s12866-019-1418-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Genome plasticity favours double chromosomal Tn4401b-blaKPC-2 transposon insertion in the Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST235 clone