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Background  The increased rate of resistance among two highly concerned pathogens i.e. methicillin-resistant  Staphylococcus aureus  (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant  Enterococcus  (VRE) necessitates the discovery of novel anti-MRSA and anti-VRE compounds. In microbial drug discovery,  Streptomyces  are well known source of two-thirds of natural antibiotics used clinically. Hence, screening of new strains of streptomycetes is the key step to get novel bioactive compounds with antimicrobial activity against drug resistant bacteria.    Results  In the present study,  Streptomyces antibioticus  strain M7, possessing potent antibacterial activity against different pathogenic bacteria, was isolated from rhizospheric soil of  Stevia rebudiana . 16S rRNA sequence of M7 (1418 bp) showed 96.47–100% similarity with different  Streptomyces  spp. and the maximum similarity (100%) was observed with  Streptomyces antibioticus  NBRC 12838 T  (AB184184). Phylogenetic analysis using neighbor joining method further validated its similarity with  Streptomyces antibioticus  NBRC 12838 T (AB184184) as it formed clade with the latter and showed high boot strap value (99%). Antibacterial metabolites isolated from the fermentation broth were characterized using NMR, FT-IR and LC-MS as actinomycins V, X 2  and D. The purified actinomycins exhibited potent antibacterial activities against test bacteria  viz.    B. subtilis, K. pneumoniae  sub sp.  pneumoniae ,  S. aureus, S. epidermidis ,  S. typhi, E. coli , MRSA and VRE. Among these actinomycins, actinomycin X 2  was more effective as compared to actinomycins D and V. The minimum inhibitory concentration values of purified compounds against a set of test bacterial organisms  viz.  VRE, MRSA,  E. coli  (S1-LF),  K. pneumoniae  sub sp.  pneumoniae  and  B. subtilis  ranged between 1.95 and 31.25 μg/ml.    Conclusions  This study demonstrates that actinomycins V, X 2  and D produced by  S. antibioticus  strain M7 hold the potential to be used against multidrug resistant bacteria, particularly VRE and MRSA.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s12866-019-1405-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

bmc microbiology

Purification and characterization of actinomycins from Streptomyces strain M7 active against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin resistant Enterococcus