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Background   Mannheimia haemolytica  has been recognized as the principal cause of pneumonic pasteurellosis in sheep and goats. It is one of the important diseases of small ruminants in Ethiopia. While annual vaccination using a monovalent vaccine (inactivated  Pasteurella multocida  biotype A) is common, respiratory diseases are still reported in various parts of Ethiopia. This suggests the need for further investigation into the species and strains responsible for the disease, which is vital information for development of a multivalent vaccine. The objective of the current study was to isolate  M. heamolytica  associated with pneumonic cases of sheep in selected areas of Central Ethiopia, determine its role and the strains/genotypes of the bacterium circulating in the study area.    Results  Bacteriological analysis of nasal swab samples collected from a total of 76 pneumonic cases of sheep showed that  M. haemolytica  was isolated from 26 of them while  B.trehalosi  from two cases .  Further molecular analyses of the isolates using  M. haemolytica  species-specific and  M.haemolytica  serotype-1 antigen specific PCR assays revealed, 26 of the isolates were identified as  M. haemolytica  of which 21 of them were  M. haemolytica  serotype-1. Both  M. haemolytica  and  B.trehalosi  isolates were not detected in a PCR assay targeting capsular biosynthesis gene ( capA ) of  P.multocida  despite the non-specific products observed in  M. haemolytica  isolates. Phylogenetic analysis of  M. haemolytica  isolates included in this study in comparison with the reference strains with respect to  PHSSA  and  Rpt2  genes revealed that the Ethiopian  M. haemolytica  isolates constituted three distinct genotypes consistent with site of origin.    Conclusion  The study indicated that  M.haemolytica  is commonly associated with cases of pneumonia in sheep in the study areas of central Ethiopia although the remaining other pathogens responsible for majority of the cases are yet to be determined. Molecular characterization revealed the existence of three genotypes of  M. haemolytica  circulating in the study areas consistent to the site of isolation. The findings suggest further extensive work to determine all pathogens associated with sheep pneumonia and the strain distribution of  M. heamolytica  to understand its molecular epidemiology at national level and design cost effective prevention and control methods.

Molecular characterization of Mannheimia haemolytica isolates associated with pneumonic cases of sheep in selected areas of Central Ethiopia