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Background   Escherichia coli  O25b-B2-ST131 are considered virulent extra-intestinal pathogens causing serious clinical complications such as urinary tract infection and bacteraemia. Our main objectives in this study were to characterise the multi-drug resistant (MDR) isolates of this lineage in Kuwait, and to demonstrate whether reduced susceptibility is spread clonally.    Results  A subset of 83 (10%) non-duplicate and non-selective  E. coli  O25b-B2-ST131 out of 832 MDR  E. coli  was identified and collected. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of the isolates were determined and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was used for typing.  The majority (95.2%) of the 83  E. coli  O25b-B2-ST131 harboured at least one  bla  gene with  bla  CTX-M-15  being the most prevalent.  bla  CTX-M-2  was present in one isolate. Also one isolate harboured  bla  CTX-M-56 ,  qnr B1 and  bla  CMY-2  genes and carried IncF1 plasmids of about 97 kb and160 kb.  qnr B and  qnr S were found in 8 other  bla  CTX-M-15  containing isolates. The  bla  NDM ,  bla  IMP ,  bla  VIM  and  qnr A were not detected, however, the  bla  OXA-48  was present in two (2.4%).    Conclusions  The majority of isolates harbouring  qnr  genes demonstrated relatedness (≥85%) by PFGE. However, the diversity in PFGE profiles for the other MDR isolates reflected the changes in population genetics of  E. coli  O25b-B2-ST131. We identified for the first time the appearance of  bla  CTX-M-2  in the Middle East and  bla  CTX-M-56  outside the Latin American countries. The isolate harbouring  bla  CTX-M-56  also contained  qnr B1 and  bla  CMY-2  genes and carried IncF1 plasmids. The appearance of a highly virulent  E. coli  O25b-ST131 that is resistant to penicillins, most cephalosproins, β-lactamase inhibitors as well as fluoroquinolones is a cause for concern.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12866-014-0214-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

The characterization and antibiotic resistance profiles of clinical Escherichia coli O25b-B2-ST131 isolates in Kuwait