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Background  The serine carboxypeptidase-like protein (SCPL) family plays a vital role in stress response, growth, development and pathogen defense. However, the identification and functional analysis of  SCPL  gene family members have not yet been performed in wheat.    Results  In this study, we identified a total of 210 candidate genes encoding SCPL proteins in wheat. According to their structural characteristics, it is possible to divide these members into three subfamilies: CPI, CPII and CPIII. We uncovered a total of 209  TaSCPL  genes unevenly distributed across 21 wheat chromosomes, of which 65.7% are present in triads. Gene duplication analysis showed that ~ 10.5% and ~ 64.8% of the  TaSCPL  genes are derived from tandem and segmental duplication events, respectively. Moreover, the Ka/Ks ratios between duplicated  TaSCPL  gene pairs were lower than 0.6, which suggests the action of strong purifying selection. Gene structure analysis showed that most of the  TaSCPL  genes contain multiple introns and that the motifs present in each subfamily are relatively conserved. Our analysis on  cis -acting elements showed that the promoter sequences of  TaSCPL  genes are enriched in drought-, ABA- and MeJA-responsive elements. In addition, we studied the expression profiles of  TaSCPL  genes in different tissues at different developmental stages. We then evaluated the expression levels of four  TaSCPL  genes by qRT-PCR, and selected  TaSCPL184-6D  for further downstream analysis. The results showed an enhanced drought and salt tolerance among  TaSCPL184-6D  transgenic  Arabidopsis  plants, and that the overexpression of the gene increased proline and decreased malondialdehyde levels, which might help plants adapting to adverse environments. Our results provide comprehensive analyses of wheat  SCPL  genes that might work as a reference for future studies aimed at improving drought and salt tolerance in wheat.    Conclusions  We conducte a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis of the  TaSCPL  gene family in wheat, which revealing the potential roles of  TaSCPL  genes in abiotic stress. Our analysis also provides useful resources for improving the resistance of wheat.    Supplementary Information  The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07647-6.

bmc genomics

Genome-wide analysis of the serine carboxypeptidase-like protein family in Triticum aestivum reveals TaSCPL184-6D is involved in abiotic stress response