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Background  Proline-rich extension-like receptor protein kinases (PERKs) are an important class of receptor kinases located in the plasma membrane, most of which play a vital role in pollen development.    Results  Our study identified 25 putative  PERK  genes from the whole  Brassica rapa  genome (AA). Phylogenetic analysis of PERK protein sequences from 16 Brassicaceae species divided them into four subfamilies. The biophysical properties of the  BrPERK s were investigated. Gene duplication and synteny analyses and the calculation of  Ka / Ks  values suggested that all 80 orthologous/paralogous gene pairs between  B. rapa  and  A. thaliana ,  B. nigra  and  B. oleracea  have experienced strong purifying selection. RNA-Seq data and qRT-PCR analyses showed that several  BrPERK  genes were expressed in different tissues, while some  BrPERK s exhibited high expression levels only in buds. Furthermore, comparative transcriptome analyses from six male-sterile lines of  B. rapa  indicated that 7  BrPERK  genes were downregulated in all six male-sterile lines. Meanwhile, the interaction networks of the  BrPERK  genes were constructed and 13  PERK  coexpressed genes were identified, most of which were downregulated in the male sterile buds.    Conclusion  Combined with interaction networks, coexpression and qRT-PCR analyses, these results demonstrated that two  BrPERK  genes, Bra001723.1 and Bra037558.1 (the orthologs of  AtPERK6  (AT3G18810)), were downregulated beginning in the meiosis II period of male sterile lines and involved in anther development. Overall, this comprehensive analysis of some  BrPERK  genes elucidated their roles in male sterility.

Genome-wide analysis of proline-rich extension-like receptor protein kinase (PERK) in Brassica rapa and its association with the pollen development