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Background  Glutathione transferases (GSTs), the ancient, ubiquitous and multi-functional proteins, play significant roles in development, metabolism as well as abiotic and biotic stress responses in plants. Wheat is one of the most important crops, but the functions of  GST  genes in wheat were less studied.    Results  A total of 330  TaGST  genes were identified from the wheat genome and named according to the nomenclature of rice and  Arabidopsis  GST genes. They were classified into eight classes based on the phylogenetic relationship among wheat, rice, and  Arabidopsis , and their gene structure and conserved motif were similar in the same phylogenetic class. The 43 and 171 gene pairs were identified as tandem and segmental duplication genes respectively, and the Ka/Ks ratios of tandem and segmental duplication  TaGST  genes were less than 1 except segmental duplication gene pair  TaGSTU24/TaGSTU154 . The 59  TaGST  genes were identified to have syntenic relationships with 28  OsGST  genes. The expression profiling involved in 15 tissues and biotic and abiotic stresses suggested the different expression and response patterns of the  TaGST  genes. Furthermore, the qRT-PCR data showed that GST could response to abiotic stresses and hormones extensively in wheat.    Conclusions  In this study, a large GST family with 330 members was identified from the wheat genome. Duplication events containing tandem and segmental duplication contributed to the expansion of TaGST family, and duplication genes might undergo extensive purifying selection. The expression profiling and  cis -elements in promoter region of 330  TaGST  genes implied their roles in growth and development as well as adaption to stressful environments. The qRT-PCR data of 14  TaGST  genes revealed that they could respond to different abiotic stresses and hormones, especially salt stress and abscisic acid. In conclusion, this study contributed to the further functional analysis of  GST  genes family in wheat.

bmc genomics

Genome-wide identification and expression profiling of glutathione transferase gene family under multiple stresses and hormone treatments in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)