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Background  The SnRK2s (Plant specific protein kinase) are involved in various biological processes, such as plant defense and environmental challenges. In  Arabidopsis , AtSnRK2s regulate the expression of some metal transporters. For example, AtSnRK2.4 plays a role in the regulation of  Arabidopsis  tolerance to Cd; AtSnRK2.2 and AtSnRK2.3 are involved in Cd uptake and translocation. However, the functions of their homologs,  TpSnRK2.10  and  TpSnRK2.11  from dwarf Polish wheat are unknown.    Results   TpSnRK2.11  encodes a cytoplasmic protein.  TpSnRK2.10  and  TpSnRK2.11  have different expression patterns at different growth stages. Expression of  TpSnRK2.10  increased yeast’s sensitivity to Cd; conversely, expression of  TpSnRK2.11  enhanced yeast’s tolerance to Cd. Overexpression of  TpSnRK2.10  or  TpSnRK2.11  did not affect Cd sensitivity in  Arabidopsis , but significantly increased Cd accumulation in roots and shoots, and Cd translocation from roots to shoots. While, Fe accumulation was significantly increased in roots but decreased in shoots by overexpression of  TpSnRK2.10 ; opposite results were observed in  TpSnRK2.11- overexpressing lines. Subcellular distribution analysis found that overexpression of  TpSnRK2.10  and  TpSnRK2.11  increased Cd concentration in cell wall and organelle fractions of roots and shoots; meanwhile, they also differentially influenced Fe distribution.    Conclusions  These results indicated that TpSnRK2.10 and TpSnRK2.11 are involved in the uptakes and the translocations of Cd and Fe, possibly by regulating the expression of  AtNRAMP1  and  AtHMA4 , and other genes involved in the synthesis of phytochelatins or hemicellolosic polysaccharides.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5589-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

bmc genomics

The polish wheat (Triticum polonicum L.) TpSnRK2.10 and TpSnRK2.11 meditate the accumulation and the distribution of cd and Fe in transgenic Arabidopsis plants