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Background  Plant basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors play crucial roles in plant growth, development, and abiotic stress responses. However, systematic investigation and analyses of the  bZIP  gene family in peanut are lacking in spite of the availability of the peanut genome sequence.    Results  In this study, we identified 50 and 45  bZIP  genes from  Arachis duranensis  and  A. ipaensis  genomes, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that  Arachis bZIP  genes were classified into nine groups, and these clusters were supported by several group-specific features, including exon/intron structure, intron phases, MEME motifs, and predicted binding site structure. We also identified possible variations in DNA-binding-site specificity and dimerization properties among different  Arachis bZIPs  by inspecting the amino acid residues at some key sites. Our analysis of the evolutionary history analysis indicated that segmental duplication, rather than tandem duplication, contributed greatly to the expansion of this gene family, and that most  Arachis bZIPs  underwent strong purifying selection. Through RNA-seq and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses, the co-expressed, differentially expressed and several well-studied homologous  bZIPs  were identified during seed development stages in peanut. We also used qRT-PCR to explore changes in bZIP gene expression in response to salt-treatment, and many candidate  bZIPs  in groups A, B, and S were proven to be associated with the salt-stress response.    Conclusions  This study have conducted a genome-wide identification, characterization and expression analysis of  bZIP  genes in  Arachis  genomes. Our results provide insights into the evolutionary history of the  bZIP  gene family in peanut and the funcntion of  Arachis  bZIP genes during seed development and in response to salt stress.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5434-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

bmc genomics

Genome-wide systematic characterization of bZIP transcription factors and their expression profiles during seed development and in response to salt stress in peanut