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Background   Solanum elaeagnifolium , an invasive weed of the Solanaceae family, is poorly studied although it poses a significant threat to crops. Here the analysis of the transcriptome of  S. elaeagnifolium  is presented, as a means to explore the biology of this species and to identify genes related to its adaptation to environmental stress. One of the basic mechanisms by which plants respond to environmental stress is through the synthesis of specific secondary metabolites that protect the plant from herbivores and microorganisms, or serve as signaling molecules. One important such group of secondary metabolites are terpenes.    Results  By next-generation sequencing, the flower/leaf transcriptome of  S. elaeagnifolium  was sequenced and  de novo  assembled into 75,618 unigenes. Among the unigenes identified, several corresponded to genes involved in terpene biosynthesis; these included  terpene synthases  ( TPSs ) and genes of the mevalonate (MVA) and the methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathways. Functional characterization of two of the  TPSs  showed that one produced the sesquiterpene ( E )-caryophyllene and the second produced the monoterpene camphene. Analysis of wounded  S. elaeagnifolium  leaves has shown significant increase of the concentration of ( E )-caryophyllene and geranyl linalool, two terpenes implicated in stress responses. The increased production of ( E )-caryophyllene was matched to the induced expression of the corresponding  TPS  gene. Wounding also led to the increased expression of the putative  1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase 2  ( DXS2 ) gene, a key enzyme of the MEP pathway, corroborating the overall increased output of terpene biosynthesis.    Conclusions  The reported  S. elaeagnifolium de novo  transcriptome provides a valuable sequence database that could facilitate study of this invasive weed and contribute to our understanding of the highly diverse Solanaceae family. Analysis of genes and pathways involved in the plant’s interaction with the environment will help to elucidate the mechanisms that underly the intricate features of this unique  Solanum  species.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1738-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

bmc genomics

Use of the de novo transcriptome analysis of silver-leaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium) to identify gene expression changes associated with wounding and terpene biosynthesis