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Background   Clostridium difficile  and  C. sordellii  are two anaerobic, spore forming, gram positive pathogens with a broad host range and the ability to cause lethal infections. Despite strong similarities between the two Clostridial strains, differences in their host tissue preference place  C. difficile  infections in the gastrointestinal tract and  C. sordellii  infections in soft tissues.    Results  In this study, to improve our understanding of  C. sordellii  and  C. difficile  virulence and pathogenesis ,  we have performed a comparative genomic and phenomic analysis of the two. The global phenomes of  C. difficile  and  C. sordellii  were compared using Biolog Phenotype microarrays. When compared to  C. difficile ,  C. sordellii  was found to better utilize more complex sources of carbon and nitrogen, including peptides. Phenotype microarray comparison also revealed that  C. sordellii  was better able to grow in acidic pH conditions. Using next generation sequencing technology, we determined the draft genome of  C. sordellii  strain 8483 and performed comparative genome analysis with  C. difficile  and other Clostridial genomes. Comparative genome analysis revealed the presence of several enzymes, including the urease gene cluster, specific to the  C. sordellii  genome that confer the ability of expanded peptide utilization and survival in acidic pH.    Conclusions  The identified phenotypes of  C. sordellii  might be important in causing wound and vaginal infections respectively. Proteins involved in the metabolic differences between  C. sordellii  and  C. difficile  should be targets for further studies aimed at understanding  C. difficile  and  C. sordellii  infection site specificity and pathogenesis.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1663-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

bmc genomics

Comparative genomic and phenomic analysis of Clostridium difficile and Clostridium sordellii, two related pathogens with differing host tissue preference