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Background   Pseudoplusia includens single nucleopolyhedrovirus  (PsinSNPV-IE) is a baculovirus recently identified in our laboratory, with high pathogenicity to the soybean looper,  Chrysodeixis includens  (Lepidoptera:  Noctuidae ) (Walker, 1858). In Brazil, the  C. includens  caterpillar is an emerging pest and has caused significant losses in soybean and cotton crops. The PsinSNPV genome was determined and the phylogeny of the  p26  gene within the family  Baculoviridae  was investigated.    Results  The complete genome of PsinSNPV was sequenced (Roche 454 GS FLX – Titanium platform), annotated and compared with other Alphabaculoviruses, displaying a genome apparently different from other baculoviruses so far sequenced. The circular double-stranded DNA genome is 139,132 bp in length, with a GC content of 39.3 % and contains 141 open reading frames (ORFs). PsinSNPV possesses the 37 conserved baculovirus core genes, 102 genes found in other baculoviruses and 2 unique ORFs. Two  baculovirus repeat ORFs  ( bro ) homologs,  bro-a  (Psin33) and  bro-b  (Psin69), were identified and compared with  Chrysodeixis chalcites nucleopolyhedrovirus  (ChchNPV) and  Trichoplusia ni single nucleopolyhedrovirus  (TnSNPV)  bro  genes and showed high similarity, suggesting that these genes may be derived from an ancestor common to these viruses. The homologous repeats ( hrs ) are absent from the PsinSNPV genome, which is also the case in ChchNPV and TnSNPV. Two  p26  gene homologs ( p26a  and  p26b ) were found in the PsinSNPV genome. P26 is thought to be required for optimal virion occlusion in the occlusion bodies (OBs), but its function is not well characterized. The P26 phylogenetic tree suggests that this gene was obtained from three independent acquisition events within the  Baculoviridae  family. The presence of a signal peptide only in the PsinSNPV  p26a /ORF-20 homolog indicates distinct function between the two P26 proteins.    Conclusions  PsinSNPV has a genomic sequence apparently different from other baculoviruses sequenced so far. The complete genome sequence of PsinSNPV will provide a valuable resource, contributing to studies on its molecular biology and functional genomics, and will promote the development of this virus as an effective bioinsecticide.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1323-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

The genome sequence of Pseudoplusia includens single nucleopolyhedrovirus and an analysis of p26 gene evolution in the baculoviruses