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Background  The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor is one of the most abundant and conserved transcription factor families. In addition to being involved in growth and development, bZIP transcription factors also play an important role in plant adaption to abiotic stresses.    Results  A total of 41  bZIP  genes that encode 66 proteins were identified in  Ipomoea trifida . They were distributed on 14 chromosomes of  Ipomoea trifida . Segmental and tandem duplication analysis showed that segmental duplication played an important role in the  ItfbZIP  gene amplification.  ItfbZIPs  were divided into ten groups (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I and S groups) according to their phylogenetic relationships with  Solanum lycopersicum  and  Arabidopsis thaliana . The regularity of the exon/intron numbers and distributions is consistent with the group classification in evolutionary tree. Prediction of the  cis -acting elements found that promoter regions of  ItfbZIPs  harbored several stress responsive  cis -acting elements. Protein three-dimensional structural analysis indicated that ItfbZIP proteins mainly consisted of α-helices and random coils. The gene expression pattern from transcriptome data and qRT-PCR analysis showed that  ItfbZIP  genes expressed with a tissue-specific manner and differently expressed under various abiotic stresses, suggesting that the  ItfbZIPs  were involved in stress response and adaption in  Ipomoea trifida .    Conclusions  Genome-wide identification, gene structure, phylogeny and expression analysis of  bZIP  gene in  Ipomoea trifida  supplied a solid theoretical foundation for the functional study of  bZIP  gene family and further facilitated the molecular breeding of sweet potato.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s12863-019-0743-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Genome-wide identification, structural and gene expression analysis of the bZIP transcription factor family in sweet potato wild relative Ipomoea trifida