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Background  In rice, a variant of  DEP1  gene results in erect panicle architecture, well-developed vascular bundles, an increase in the number of grains per panicle and a consequent increase in the grain yield. Interestingly,  DEP1  homologs are present in the other cereals including species of wheat and barley ( Hordeum vulgare ), even though they do not produce panicles but spikes. In barley,  HvDEP1  alleles do not differ between strains of various ear types and geographic origins, while in at least three  OsDEP1  variants have been described.    Results  In this work, we have studied the  DEP1  gene from eight accessions which belong to four wheat species,  T. monococcum, T. durum, T. compactum,  and  T. spelta , with either compact, compactoid or normal spike phenotypes. The nucleotide sequences of the 5th exon of  DEP1  were determined for all eight accessions. Obtained sequences were species specific. Despite the interspecies diversity, all wheat sequences encoded polypeptides of the same size, similarly to the 5th exons of the  DEP1  homologs in  T. aestivum, T. urartu , and  H. vulgare . For further study, the full-length sequences of the  DEP1  gene for all four species were studied. The full-length  DEP1  genomic copies were isolated from the genomic sequences of  T. aestivum, T. urartu,  and  Aegilops tauschii .  The genome of tetraploid wheat  T. durum  contains two variants of the  DEP1  originating from A and B genomes. In the hexaploid wheats  T. aestivum, T. compactum,  and  T. spelta,  three variants of this gene originating from A, B, and D genomes were detected.  DEP1  genes of the diploid wheats  T. monococcum  and  T. urartu  differ. It seems that a precursor of the  DEP1  gene in  T. monococcum  originates from the wild progenitor  T. boeoticum .    Conclusion  No  DEP1 -related differences of nucleotide sequences between the compact (or compactoid) and normal spike phenotypes in the tested wheat species were detected. Therefore,  DEP1  gene does not directly participate in the control of the spike architecture in wheats.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s12863-017-0583-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

DEP1 gene in wheat species with normal, compactoid and compact spikes