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Background   Corynebacterium urealyticum , a pathogenic, multidrug resistant member of the mycolata, is known as causative agent of urinary tract infections although it is a bacterium of the skin flora. This pathogenic bacterium shares with the mycolata the property of having an unusual cell envelope composition and architecture, typical for the genus  Corynebacterium . The cell wall of members of the mycolata contains channel-forming proteins for the uptake of solutes.    Results  In this study, we provide novel information on the identification and characterization of a pore-forming protein in the cell wall of  C. urealyticum  DSM 7109. Detergent extracts of whole  C. urealyticum  cultures formed in lipid bilayer membranes slightly cation-selective pores with a single-channel conductance of 1.75 nS in 1 M KCl. Experiments with different salts and non-electrolytes suggested that the cell wall pore of  C. urealyticum  is wide and water-filled and has a diameter of about 1.8 nm. Molecular modelling and dynamics has been performed to obtain a model of the pore. For the search of the gene coding for the cell wall pore of  C. urealyticum  we looked in the known genome of  C. urealyticum  for a similar chromosomal localization of the porin gene to known  porH  and  porA  genes of other  Corynebacterium  strains. Three genes are located between the genes coding for GroEL2 and polyphosphate kinase (PKK2). Two of the genes ( cur_1714  and  cur_1715 ) were expressed in different constructs in  C. glutamicum  Δ porA Δ porH  and in porin-deficient  BL21 DE3 Omp8 E. coli  strains. The results suggested that the gene  cur_1714  codes alone for the cell wall channel. The cell wall porin of  C. urealyticum  termed PorACur was purified to homogeneity using different biochemical methods and had an apparent molecular mass of about 4 kDa on tricine-containing sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE).    Conclusions  Biophysical characterization of the purified protein (PorACur) suggested indeed that  cur_1714  is the gene coding for the pore-forming protein in  C. urealyticum  because the protein formed in lipid bilayer experiments the same pores as the detergent extract of whole cells. The study is the first report of a cell wall channel in the pathogenic  C. urealyticum .

Identification and characterization of smallest pore-forming protein in the cell wall of pathogenic Corynebacterium urealyticum DSM 7109