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The skin temperature ( T  m ) of the orofacial area influences orofacial functions and is related to the blood flow (BF). Marked increases in BF mediated by parasympathetic vasodilation may be important for orofacial  T  m  regulation. Therefore, we examined the relationship between parasympathetic reflex vasodilation and orofacial  T  m  in anesthetized rats. Electrical stimulation of the central cut end of the lingual nerve (LN) elicited significant increases in BF and  T  m  in the lower lip. These increases were significantly reduced by hexamethonium, but not atropine. VIP agonist increased both BF and  T  m  in the lower lip. The activation of the superior cervical sympathetic trunk (CST) decreased BF and  T  m  in the lower lip; however, these decreases were significantly inhibited by LN stimulation. Our results suggest that parasympathetic vasodilation plays an important role in the maintaining the hemodynamics and  T  m  in the orofacial area, and that VIP may be involved in this response.

Effect of the parasympathetic vasodilation on temperature regulation via trigeminal afferents in the orofacial area