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Background  Rice sheath blight (ShB) disease, caused by the pathogenic fungus  Rhizoctonia solani , causes significant yield losses globally. US weedy rice populations, which are de-domesticated forms of  indica  and  aus  cultivated rice, appear to be more resistant to ShB than local  japonica  cultivated rice. We mapped quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with ShB resistance using two F 8  recombinant inbred line populations generated from crosses of an  indica  crop variety, Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen (DGWG), with individuals representing the two major US weed biotypes, straw hull (SH) and black hull awned (BHA).    Results  We identified nine ShB resistance QTL across both mapping populations. Five were attributable to alleles that affect plant height (PH) and heading date (HD), two growth traits that are known to be highly correlated with ShB resistance. By utilizing an approach that treated growth traits as covariates in the mapping model, we were able to infer that the remaining four QTL are involved in ShB resistance. Two of these,  qShB1–2  and  qShB4 , are different from previously identified ShB QTL and represent new candidates for further study.    Conclusion  Our findings suggest that ShB resistance can be improved through favorable plant growth traits and the combined effects of small to moderate-effect resistance QTL. Additionally, we show that including PH and HD as covariates in QTL mapping models is a powerful way to identify new ShB resistance QTL.

Identification of Novel QTL Conferring Sheath Blight Resistance in Two Weedy Rice Mapping Populations