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Background  Rice ( Oryza sativa ) feeds half of the world’s population. Rice grain yield and quality which are constrained by diseases and mineral nutritions have important human healthy impacts. Plant “fruit-weight 2.2-like” ( FWL ) genes play key roles in modulating plant fruit weight, organ size and iron distribution. Previous work has uncovered that the grains of  OsFWL5- oeverexpressing rice accumulated more beneficial element zinc (Zn) and less toxic element cadmium (Cd) content. However, whether  FWL  genes play roles in rice resistance remains unknown.    Findings  Here, we validated that one of rice  FWL  genes  OsFWL5  plays a positive role in defense to  Xanthomonas oryzae  pv.  oryzae  ( Xoo ). Overexpresion of  OsFWL5  promotes H 2 O 2  accumulation and cell death. The  OsFWL5- overexpresing plants show activated flg22-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and increased resistance to  Xoo , indicating that  OsFWL5  functions to increase pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity in rice. The activated defense response is associated with increased the expression of genes involved in jasmonic acid (JA)-related signaling. Furthermore, Cd can induce rice resistance to  Xoo , and  OsFWL5  is required for Cd-induced rice defense response.    Conclusion  Putting our finds and previous work together,  OsFWL5  could be a candiate gene for breeders to genetically improve rice resistance and grain quality.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s12284-019-0315-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Overexpression a “fruit-weight 2.2-like” gene OsFWL5 improves rice resistance