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Background  Rice blast disease is a major restriction in rice production. That is usually managed using chemical pesticides, which are expensive in terms of cost and environment hazards. Use of blast-resistance genes to develop resistant varieties may therefore be a more economical and environmentally friendly method for effective control.    Results  In this study, we improved the blast resistance of four sterile lines, Y58S, GuangZhan63S (GZ63), C815S and HD9802S, by introgression of 9 cloned broad-spectrum blast resistance genes  Pi37 ,  Pit ,  Pid3 ,  Pigm ,  Pi36 ,  Pi5 ,  Pi54 ,  Pikm  and  Pb1 . Through molecular marker-assisted selection and backcross breeding, 31 single-gene derived lines and 20 double-gene combination lines were obtained. When infected naturally, single-gene lines with  Pigm  or  Pid3  showed significantly enhanced resistance during whole growth period relative to their recurrent parent. Single-gene lines with  Pi37 ,  Pi5 ,  Pit ,  Pi36 ,  Pi54  or  Pikm  showed significantly enhanced resistance in some of the four backgrounds. No obviously enhanced resistance was observed in single-gene line with  Pb1  for the whole growth period. Compared with recurrent parents, most of the double-gene lines showed improved resistance. Among these double-gene lines, lines with  Pi37 / Pid3 ,  Pi5 / Pi54 ,  Pi54 / Pid3  or  Pigm/Pi37 , exhibited significantly enhanced resistance and observable additive effects.    Conclusions  Two blast resistance genes,  Pigm  and  Pid3 , showed significantly enhanced resistance for the whole rice growth period, and six blast resistance genes  Pi37 ,  Pi5 ,  Pit ,  Pi36 ,  Pi54  or  Pikm  showed significantly enhanced resistance for some of the four backgrounds. Double-gene lines with  Pi37 / Pid3 ,  Pi5 / Pi54 ,  Pi54 / Pid3  and  Pigm/Pi37  exhibited significantly enhanced resistance and observable additive effects. These lines could be used in rice hybrid and production.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s12284-019-0292-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Development and evaluation of improved lines with broad-spectrum resistance to rice blast using nine resistance genes